Enhancing Students Historical Thinking Based on Augmented Reality (AR) Media in Social Studies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47134/ijsl.v5i2.402Keywords:
Augmented Reality, Historical Thinking, Social StudiesAbstract
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the use of Augmented Reality (AR) technology in improving students' historical thinking skills, class VII at SMPN 13 Bandung in learning Social Studies. The quantitative approach with the Design Based Research (DBR) research method includes four stages, namely analysis, design, implementation, and evaluation. Data collection through observation, interviews, and questionnaires, then data analysis techniques are carried out descriptively. The results of the study showed that the effectiveness of using AR can increase student learning interactions by 82%, meaning that it shows more active involvement than conventional learning. Conceptual understanding increased by 45%, while critical thinking skills increased by 40%. This means that 85% of students are better able to understand the material on the development of Indonesian society during the Hindu and Buddhist periods in social studies. Other findings are that 90% based on information from social studies teachers there was an increase in students' analytical abilities and 95% of students expressed a high interest in using AR in social studies. This finding has an impact that the use of AR technology can improve students' historical thinking skills.
Downloads
References
Azzarkasyi, M., Rizal, S., & Kasmawati, K. (2019). The identification of student misconceptions on the concept of electricity using the cri decision matrix three level test. Asian Journal of Science Education, 1(1), 10-15. http;//doi.org/ 10.24815/ajse.v5i1.23154.
Bashofi, F. (2021). Pengembangan augmented reality book berbasis situs peninggalan kebudayaan sebagai sumber belajar sejarah. Jurnal Teori Dan Praksis Pembelajaran IPS, 6(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.17977/um022v6i12021p19.
Callum, K. Mac, & Parsons, D. (2019). Teacher Perspectives on Mobile Augmented Reality : The Potential of Metaverse for Learning. 18th World Conference on Mobile and Contextual Learning, (September), 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2729.2006.00180.
Claravall, E. B., & Irey, R. (2022). Fostering historical thinking: The use of document based instruction for students with learning differences. Journal of Social Studies Research, 46(3), 249–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssr.2021.08.001.
Contreras, G. S., González, A. H., Fernández, M. I. S., Cepa, C. B. M., & Escobar, J. C. Z. (2022). The Importance of the Application of the Metaverse in Education. Modern Applied Science, 16(3), 34. https://doi.org/10.5539/mas.v16n3p34.
Eduardo, N., Jose, O., & Marcelo, Z. (2021). Augmented reality to facilitate the process of teaching - Learning in school textbooks. Proceedings of the 2021 5th World Conference on Smart Trends in Systems Security and Sustainability, WorldS4 2021, 316–321. https://doi.org/10.1109/WorldS451998.2021.9514007.
Elmqaddem, N. (2019). Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in education. Myth or reality? International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 14(3), 234–242. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i03.9289.
Garzón, J. (2021). An overview of twenty-five years of augmented reality in education. Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, 5(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/mti5070037.
Gudoniene, D., & Rutkauskiene, D. (2023). Virtual and augmented reality in education. Baltic journal of modern computing, 7(2), 293-300. https://doi.org/10.22364/bjmc.2019.7.2.07.
Huang, Y., Li, H., & Fong, R. (2016). Using Augmented Reality in early art education: a case study in Hong Kong kindergarten. Early Child Development and Care, 186(6), 879–894. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2015.1067888.
Ibáñez, M. B., Uriarte Portillo, A., Zatarain Cabada, R., & Barrón, M. L. (2020). Impact of augmented reality technology on academic achievement and motivation of students from public and private Mexican schools. A case study in a middle-school geometry course. Computers and Education, 145, 103734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103734.
Kemendikbud. (2022). Capaian Pembelajaran Mata Pelajaran Ilmu Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Fase D: Untuk Kelas VII – IX SMP/MTs/Program Paket B. 1–16. Retrieved from https://kurikulum.kemdikbud.go.id/file/cp/dasmen/19. CP IPS.pdf.
Lin, X. P., Li, B. Bin, Yao, Z. N., Yang, Z., & Zhang, M. (2024). The impact of virtual reality on student engagement in the classroom–a critical review of the literature. Frontiers in Psychology, 15(4), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1360574.
López-Fernández, C., Tirado-Olivares, S., Mínguez-Pardo, R., & Cózar-Gutiérrez, R. (2023). Putting critical thinking at the center of history lessons in primary education through error- and historical thinking-based instruction. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 49(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2023.101316.
Ofianto, Saputra, N., Ningsih, T. Z., Nababan, S. A., Asri, Z., Aman, & Setiawan, J. (2024). Developing an online project-based assessment instrument for assessing students’ historical thinking skills. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 13(6), 3993–4003. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v13i6.30388.
Olausson, U. (2025). ‘ The road to the metaverse is not a straight one ’ : Social representations of virtual reality in the news media. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 2021(0), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/13548565251325530.
Yildirim, P., & Kececi, G. (2024). Design and development of a mobile augmented reality‐based learning environment for teaching the lives of scientists. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 40(4), 1690-1711. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/jcal.12980.
Reeves, T. C. (2006). Design research from a technology perspective. Educational Design Research, (January 2006), 52–66. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203088364-13.
Rita C. Richey, J. D. K. (2007). Design and Development Research. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203826034.
Riurean, S., Olar, M., Ionică, A., & Pellegrini, L. (2020). Visible Light Communication and Augmented Reality for Underground Positioning System. MATEC Web of Conferences, 305, 00089. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202030500089.
Ruhimat, M., Logayah, D. S., & Darmawan, R. A. (2023). Mobile Augmented Reality Application Through Metaverse Approach As Social studies Media in Junior High School. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 18, 176–185. http://doi.org: 10.1234/jee.2016.201215.
Saefudin, A. (2025). Shaping Future History Teachers: Evaluating Historical Thinking Skills and Learning Innovations. International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope, 6(1), 663–674. https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2025.v06i01.02982.
Subhashini, P., Siddiqua, R., Keerthana, A., & Pavani, P. (2020). Augmented Reality in Education. Journal of Information Technology and Digital World, 02(04), 221–227. https://doi.org/10.36548/jitdw.2020.4.006.
Sudrajat, A., Darojat, O., Kustandi, C., Purwatiningsih, A. S. E., Mikdar, S., & Thalib, J. B. A. (2024). Learning Model of Local Cultural Values Based on Augmented Reality for Social Science Education in Elementary School. International Journal of Social Learning (IJSL), 5(1), 235-246. https://doi.org/10.47134/ijsl.v5i1.345.
Sumargono, S., Sinaga, R. M., Ariyani, F., & Rini, R. (2024). Virtual Reality-Assisted Historical Empathy-Based Multicultural Learning Model to Enhance High School Students’ Empathy. Tadris: Jurnal Keguruan Dan Ilmu Tarbiyah, 9(1), 197. https://doi.org/10.24042/tadris.v9i1.20580.
Tarigan, H. (2024). Designing Augmented Reality-based Tele-Education Management Systems : Improving Access and Interactivity in Remote Learning. International Journal of Social Learning (IJSL), 5(1), 247–263. https://doi.org/10.47134/ijsl.v5i1.346.
Thorp, R., & Persson, A. (2020). On historical thinking and the history educational challenge. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 52(8), 891–901. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2020.1712550.
Van Drie, J., & Van Boxtel, C. (2008). Historical reasoning: Towards a framework for analyzing students’ reasoning about the past. Educational Psychology Review, 20(2), 87–110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-007-9056-1.
Wineburg, S. (2015). Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts. Phi Delta Kappan 80, 92(4), 81–94. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/003172171009200420.
Yulia, N. M. (2024). Developing Local Wisdom-Based Augmented Reality Modules for Science and Social studies in Elementary Schools. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 16(4), 5549–5560. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v16i4.5987.
